The subtropics are the zones of the Earth immediately north and south of the tropic zone, which is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, at latitude 23.5 ° north and south. The term 'subtropical' describes the climatic region found adjacent to the tropics, usually between 20 and 35 degrees latitude in both hemispheres, but occasionally found at slightly higher latitudes.
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Trewartha's definition
According to climatologist Glenn G. Trewartha, a subtropical region should have at least eight months with a mean temperature of 10° C (50 °F) or above. His revision of Köppen climate classification assigns to such areas the letter C, while others zones encompassed in the original Köppen group C class would be considered part of group D.
John F. Griffiths' definition
The climatologist John F. Griffiths in his book Applied climatology described the subtropical zone as having a coldest month of between 6 °C (42.8 °F) and 18 °C (64.4 °F) and assigning to this group the letter B, while the original B group of Köppen taxonomy would be spread over the various temperature-based groups.
Characteristics
In subtropical climates the winters are relatively warm, but not as hot as the summer season. These climates rarely - if ever - see frost or snow, and plants such as palm, citrus and many broadleaf evergreens flourish, in contrast to the hardier deciduous and coniferous trees which dominate midlatitude climates. As one moves toward the tropical side the slight winter cool season disappears altogether, while at the polar threshold of the subtropics the winters become much cooler.
Rainfall patterns vary widely throughout the subtropics including hot deserts, savannas, monsoon forests, humid forests and the warmer parts of the Mediterranean climate zone. Subtropical regions include the southern third of California (Mediterranean type), the low deserts of the Southwest USA (hot arid type), the Gulf Coast and most of Florida (humid type), the southern Mediterranean and northern Sahara, northern India (monsoon), southeast China (humid), the middle part of South America (varied), and much of Australia (varied).
Examples of subtropical cities and areas include:
- Russia: Sochi
- Georgia: Batumi
- Turkey: Antalya, Mersin, Rize
- Middle East: Baghdad, Islamabad, Jerusalem, Kabul, Riyadh, Tel Aviv
- Europe: Athens, Barcelona, Dubrovnik, Lisbon, Rome and Yalta
- USA: Atlanta, Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, Houston, Texas, Las Vegas, Nevada, Raleigh, North Carolina, Los Angeles, California, New Orleans, Louisiana, Orlando, Florida, Savannah, Georgia, Tucson, Arizona
- Latin America: Buenos Aires, Lima, Mexico City, Montevideo, Rio de Janiero, Santiago, São Paulo
- North Africa: Algiers, Cairo, Casablanca, Tripoli
- East Africa: Addis Ababa, Nairobi
- South Africa: Cape Town, Durban, East London
- China: Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, Shanghai
- India: Delhi
- Australia: Adelaide, Brisbane, Perth, Sydney
- New Zealand: Auckland
Subtropical flora
 Savannah, Georgia: Live oak with spanish moss. This is a typical scene in the subtropical region of the eastern USA. |
 Curitiba: Live oak with araucarias. This is a typical scene in the subtropical region of the southern Brazil. |
See also
- Humid subtropical
- Tropics
- Tropical rain forests
- Tropic of Cancer
- Tropic of Capricorn
- Geographical zone
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 7 January 2009, at 17:32.
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