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List of Latin words with English derivatives

This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages).

Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v. Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words. See also Latin spelling and pronunciation.

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Contents

Nouns and adjectives

The citation form for nouns (the one normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but this typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.

Latin nouns and adjectives
Citation form Declining stem Meaning English derivatives
acer acer- maple aceric
acer acr- sharp acrid, acrimony
acerbus acerb- bitter acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate
acervus acerv- heap acerval, acervate, acervose, Acervulinacea, acervulus
acētum acēt- vinegar acetabulum, acetate, acetic
acinus acin- berry acinaceous, acinarious, aciniform, acinose, acinous
acus acu- needle acuity, acumen, acupuncture, acute, acutifoliate, acutilingual
adeps adip- fat adipose
aedificium aedifici- building aedicule, aedile, edification, edifice
aequus aequ-, -iqu- even, level adequacy, adequate, equable, equal, equality, equanimity, equant, equation, equative, equator, equatorial, equitable, equity, equivalence, equivalent, inadequacy, inadequate, inequality, iniquity
aes aer- ore aeruginous, aerugite, aerugo, eruginous
aevum aev- age, eon age, coeval, eviternal, longevity, mediaeval, nonage, primaeval
ager agr-, -egr- field agrarian, agrestal, agriculture, peregrine, pilgrim, pilgrimage
ala al- wing alar, alate, aliferous, aliform, aligerous
alacer alacr- quick alacrity
albus alb- dull white alb, albarium, albedo, albinism, albino, albite, album, albumen, albumin
alius ali- other alias, alibi, alien
amplus ampl- ample amplification, amplitude
anguis angu- snake Anguidae, anguiform, anguilliform, anguine
angulus angul- corner angular, angulose, quadrangle, triangle
anima anim- breath, soul, life animal, animate, animation, animator, inanimate
animus anim- mind, anger animosity, unanimous
annus ann-, -enn- year anniversary, annual, annuity, biannual, biennial, millennium, perennial
ānser ānser- goose anserine
aqua aqu- water akvavit, aqua vitae, aquaculture, aquamarine, aquarelle, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aquatile, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer, aquiferous, aquiform
aquila aquil- eagle Aquila, aquiline
arbor arbor- tree arboreal, arboretum
argentum argent- silver argent, Argentina
arma arm- armada, armature, armistice, armor, army
ars art- art, skill artifact, artificial, artisan
artus art- joint articular, articulate, articulation, coarticulation
asinus asin- donkey asinine
audāx audāc- brave, bold audacious, audacity
auris aur- ear aural, auricle, auriform
aurum aur- gold aurate, aureate, aureole
avis avi- bird Aves, avian, aviary, aviation
avunculus avuncul- uncle, mother's brother avuncular, uncle
baca bac- berry baccate, bacciferous, bacciform, baccivorous
beatus beat- blessed beatification, Beatitudes
bellum bell- war antebellum, bellicose, belligerence, rebel, rebellion, revel
bellus bell- pretty embellish, embellishment
bene ben- good benediction, benefactor, benefit, benign, benignity
bestia besti- animal bestial, bestiary
bini bin- two each binary, binate, combination
bonus
– melior
– optimus		 bon-
– melior-
– optim-		 good
– better
– best		 bonbon, bonify, bonitary, bonus
– ameliorate, meliority
– optimal, optimist
bōs bov- cow, ox bovine, bovinic acid
bracchium brac- arm, support embrace, braces, bracelet
brevis brev- brief, short abbreviation, breve, brevet, breviary, brevity
bucca bucc- cheek, mouth, cavity buccal, buccinator muscle
bulbus bulb- bulbous bulb, bulbose, bulbous, bulbule
bulla bull- bubble, flask ebullient, ebullism
bursa burs- pouch, purse bourse, bursa, bursar, bursary, disburse
butyrum butyr- butter butyric
calx calc-
-culc-		 heel inculcate
calx calc- limestone, pebble calciform, calcite, calcium, calculus, calculation
camera camer- vault bicameral, camera
campus camp- field camp, campaign, camping, campus, champion
candela candel- candle candela, candelabra, candelabrum, chandelier, chandler, chandlery
canis can- dog canary, canicule, canid, canine, Canis Major
caper capr- goat capric, Capricorn, caprine
capillus capill- hair capillaries, capilliform
capsa caps- box, case capsule, case, chassis, encapsulation
caput capit-, -cipit- head cape, capital, capitulate, capo, decapitation, precipice, precipitation, precipitous
carbo carbon- coal carbon, Carboniferous
carcer carcer- jail incarceration
cardo cardin- hinge cardinal
caro carn- flesh carnage, carnal, carnary, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, carnose, carnosity, charnel, incarnate, incarnation, reincarnate, reincarnation
casa cas- casino
caseus case- cheese caseic, casein
castus cast-, -cest- pure caste, chaste, chastity, incest
catena caten- chain catenary, catenative, concatenation
cauda caud-, cod- tail caudal, coda
caulis caul-, col- stalk, stem caulicle, cauliflorous, cauline
causa caus-, -cus- accusative, causality, causative
cavus cav- hollow cave, cavity, concave, excavation, excavator
celeber celebr- famous celebration, celebrity
celer celer- quick accelerant, acceleration, accelerator, celerity
centeni centen- hundred each centenary
centesimus centesim- hundredth centesimal, centesimation
centum cent- hundred cent, centennial, centurion
cera cer- wax ceraceous, cereous, ceresin
certus cert- certain certiorari, certitude
cervīx cervīc- neck cervical, cervix
cervus cerv- deer cervid, Cervidae, cervine
ceterus ceter- other et cetera
cilium cili- eyelash cilia, supercilious
cinis ciner- ashes cinereous, cinerin, incinerator
circus circ- circle circular, circus
cirrus cirr- curl, tentacle cirrus
cīvis cīv- citizen civil, civilian, civility
clarus clar- clear clarify, clarity, declaration, declarative, declaratory, declare
clāvicula clāvicul- little key clavicle
clavis clav- key clavier
clemens clement- mild clemency, clement, inclement
collis coll- hill colliculus
collum coll- neck collar
color color- color Colorado, coloration, coloratura, discolor, tricolor
colum col- strainer colander, percolate
cor cord- heart accord, concordance, concordat, cordate, cordial, cordiform, core, courage, discord, discordant, obcordate, record
corbis corb- basket corb, corf
corium cori- coriaceous, excoriate
cornū corn- horn bicorn, Capricorn, cornea, corniform, cornucopia, unicorn
corona coron- crown corona, coronation, coroniform
corpus corpor- body corporal, corporation, corporeal, corps, corpse, corpulent, corpuscle, incorporation
cortex cortic- bark, rind corticosteroid
corvus corv- raven corbel, corvine
costa cost- rib coast, costal
coxa cox- hip coxal
crapula crapul- crapulence, crapulent
cras cras- tomorrow procrastinate, procrastination
crassus crass- thick crass, crassitude
cratis crat- crate
creta cret- chalk cretaceous
cribrum cribr- sieve cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform
crimen crimin- criminal
crispus crisp- curled crispate
crista crist- crest cristate
crus crur- leg, shank crural
crux cruc- cross crucial, cruciate, crucifer, cruciferous, crucifix, crucifixion, cruciform, crucify, crusade, excruciating
culex culic- gnat Culex, culiciform, culicifuge, culicine, Culicivora
culina culin- kitchen culinarian, culinary
culpa culp- blame, fault culpable, culprit, exculpate, exculpatory
cuneus cune- wedge cuneate, cuneiform
cura cur- care accuracy, accurate, curator, cure, curious, procurator, secure, security
curtus curt- shortened curt, curtail
curvus curv- bent curvature, curviform
cuspis cuspid- tip bicuspid
cutis cut- hide, skin cutaneous, cuticle, subcutaneous
damnum damn-
-demn-		 harm condemn, damage, damnation, indemnity
decem decem- ten December, decemfid, decempedal, decemviri
decimus decim- tenth decimal, decimate, decimation
decus decor- decorous, decorum
deni den- ten each denarius, denary, dinero
dens dent- tooth dental, dentiform, dentifrice, denture, indent, trident
densus dens- thick condensation, condense, density
deus de- god deification, deiform, deity
dexter dextr- right dexterity, dexterous, dextral, dextrin, dextrose
diēs diē- day dial, diary, diurnal, diurnality, meridian, quotidian
digitus digit- finger, toe digit, digital, digitiform
dignus dign- worthy condign, deign, dignify, dignitary, dignity, disdain, indignant, indignation, indignity
discipulus discipul- student disciple, discipline
dominus domin- lord domain, dominate, dominion
domus dom- house dome, domestic, domesticate, domicile
dorsum dors- back dorsal, indorse
dos dot- dowry dotal, dotation
dulcis dulc- sweet douce, dulcet, dulcian, dulcimer
duo du- two dual, duality, dubious, duet, duo, duplex
durus dur- hard durability, durable, duration, durative, duress, endurance, endure, obdurate
ensis ens- sword ensiform
equus equ- horse equestrian, equine
eruca eruc- caterpillar eruciform
faba fab- bean faba bean, fabaceous
faber fabr- fabric
faenum faen- hay
falx falc- sickle falcate, falciform
fames fam- hunger famine, famished
fanum fan- temple profanity
fascis fasc- bundle fasciculation
fatuus fatu- foolish, useless fatuous, infatuation
fauces fauc-, -foc- throat faucal, suffocate
febris febr- fever febrifacient, febriferous, febrifuge, febrile
fēlēs fēl- cat felid, Felinae, feline
fēlix fēlic- happy felicitations, felicitous, felicity
fēmina fēmin- woman effeminate, femininity
femur femor- thigh femoral, femur
fenestra fenestr- window defenestration
ferox feroc- fierce ferocious, ferocity
ferrum ferr- iron ferrate, ferrite, ferreous, ferrous, ferruginous, ferrugo
ferus fer- wild feral, ferine, ferocious, ferocity, fierce
feudum feud- fee feudal
ficus fic- fig Ficus
fides fid- faith, trust affiance, affiant, affidavit, confidence, confidential, fidelity, infidel, infidelity, perfidy
fīlia
fīlius		 fīli-
fīli-		 daughter
son		 affiliation, filial
filum fil- thread bifilar, filament, filiferous, filiform
fīnis fīn- end, limit affine, affinity, confine, confinement, confines, confinity, define, definite, definition, definitive, equifinality, final, finality, finance, fine, finesse, finish, finite, indefinite, infinite, infinity, infinitive, prefinite, redefine, refine, refinement, refinery, transfinite
firmus firm- firm affirm, affirmation, affirmative, confirm, confirmation, firmament, infirm, infirmary
fiscus fisc- basket confiscation, fiscal
fistula fistul- pipe, tube fistula, fistulate
flaccus flacc- flabby flaccid
flavus flav- yellow flavin, flavivirus, flavonoid
flōs flōr- flower flora, floral, floret, floriculture, florid, floriferous, floriform, florist, floruit, flourish, inflorescence
focus foc- hearth bifocal, focal, trifocal
foedus foeder- confederation, federal
folium foli- leaf bifoliate, defoliant, foliage, foliation, foliature, folic acid, foliferous, folio, foliole, foliose, foliosity, folivore, portfolio, trifoliate
follis foll- bellows follicle, follicular
fons font- fountain, spring font, fontal, fontanelle
foris for- outdoors foreclose, foreign, forest, forum
fōrma fōrm- form, shape biform, conform, conformance, conformant, conformity, deform, deformation, deformity, formal, formality, formant, format, formation, formative, formula, formulary, inform, informal, informality, informant, information, informative, perform, performance, reform, reformation, reformatory, transform, transformative, transformation, uniform, uniformity
formica formic- ant formic
formus form- warm
fornix fornic- vault fornication, forniciform
fors fort- luck fortuitous, fortuity, fortunate, fortune
fortis fort- strong comfort, effort, force, forte, fortification, fortify, fortis, fortissimo, fortitude
fovea fove- shallow round depression fovea, foveal, foveole
frāter frātr- brother fraternal, fraternity, fratricide
fraus fraud- fraud defraud, fraudulent
frequens frequent- often frequency, frequentative
frōns front- forehead affront, confront, front, frontage, frontal
frustum frust- piece frustule, frustulent, frustum
frūx frūg- fruit frugal
fulvus fulv- fulvic acid, fulvid, fulvous
fūmus fūm- smoke fumacious, fumage, fumarine, fumarole, fumatorium, fume, fumigation, perfume
fundus fund- bottom found, foundation, fundamentalism, profound, profundity
fungus fung- mushroom fungal, fungicide, fungiform
funis fun- rope funicular
fur fur- thief furuncle
furca furc- fork bifurcation, furcate, furcula
furtum furt- theft furtive
fuscus fusc- dark fuscation, fuscine, fuscous, obfuscation
gelu gel- congeal, gel, gelatin, gelid, gelignite
gens gent- gens, gentile, gentility, gentle
genu genu- knee genuflection
genus gener- birth, offspring, creation degenerate, engender, gender, general, generation, generator, generic, generosity, generous, genre, genuine, genus
glacies glaci- ice glacial, glaciation, glacier, glacis
gladius gladi- sword gladiator, gladiolus
gluten glutin- glue agglutination, glutelin, gluten, glutinosity, glutinous
gracilis gracil- gracile, gracility
gradus grad- step degrade, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduation, prograde, retrograde
grandis grand- grandeur, grandiloquent, grandiose, grandiosity
granum gran- grain granary, granite, granular, granule
gratus grat- congratulations, congratulatory, disgrace, grace, gratify, gratis, gratitude, gratuitous, gratulation
gravis grav- heavy aggravate, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravida, gravidity, gravitation, gravity, grieve, grievance
grex greg- flock, herd aggregate, aggregation, aggregator, congregate, congregation, egregious, gregarious, segregate, segregation
grossus gross- thick engross, gross
gula gul- gullet, gully
gurges gurgit- regurgitate
gustus gust- taste disgust, gustatory, gusto
gutta gutt- drop gout, guttifer, guttiform
guttur guttur- throat guttural
hamus ham- hook hamate, hamiform
harena haren- sand arena, arenaceous, arenite, arenose
hasta hast- spear hasta, hastate, hastile
herba herb- grass herbaceous, herbal, herbarium, herbicide, herbivore, herbivorous
hibernus hibern- hibernacle, hibernal
hiems hiem- winter hiemal
hircus hirc- goat hircine
homō homin- man (human being) homage, hombre, homicide, hominid, human, humane, humanity, inhuman, inhumane
honor honor- honor honorable, honorarium, honorary, honorific
hortus hort- garden cohort, horticulture
hostis host- enemy hostile, hostility
humus hum- ground exhumation, exhume, humate, humic, humiliate, humility, inhumation, inhume
ignis ign- fire igneous, ignite, ignition
inanis inan- inane, inanity
inguen inguin- groin inguinal
īnsula īnsul- island insular, insulate, insulation, peninsula
iocus
jocus		 joc- jest jocular, joke
iūdex
judex		 iūdic- judge adjudicate, judge, judicial, judiciary
iugum
jugum		 iug- yoke conjugacy, conjugal, conjugate, conjugation, jugal, jugate, jugular
iūs iūr- law, right abjure, conjure, de jure, justice, jurisdiction
iuvenis
juvenis		 juven- young juvenile, juvenilia, juvenility
jejunus jejun- jejunal, jejune, jejunity, jejunum
labia labi- lip labial, labium
labor labor- toil elaboration, collaboration, laborious
labrum labr- lip labrose, labrum
lac lact- milk lactate, lactic, lactose
lacrima lacrim- tear lachrymose
lacus lac- lacuna, lacustrine, lagoon, lake
lapis lapid- stone dilapidate, lapidary
lassus lass- lassitude
latex latic- liquid laticifer
latus lat- broad, wide latifoliate, latitude
latus later- side collateral, lateral
laus laud- praise laud, laudable, Lauds
laxus lax- loose laxity, relax
lenis leni- gentle leniency, lenient, leniment, lenis, lenition, lenitive, lenitude, lenity
lens lent- lentil lens, lenticel, lenticular, lentiform
lentus lent- lentic, relent
leo leon- lion leonine
lepus lepor- hare leporid, leporine
levis lev- light (weight) levity, relieve
lēx lēg- law alleged, extralegal, illegal, legal, legality, legislation, legislator, privilege
liber liber- free liberal, liberation, liberator
liber libr- book librarian, library, libretto
libra libr- balance, scales deliberate, deliberation, deliberative, equilibrium, libration
lignum lign- wood ligneous, ligniform, lignin, lignite, lignose
limbus limb- edge limbate, limbic, limbo
limes limit- delimit, limes, limit, limitation
linea line- line align, collinear, collineation, linea, lineage, linear, linearity, multicollinearity
lingua lingu- tongue bilingual, lingua franca, linguiform, linguistics, multilingual
lira lir- furrow delirium
littera litter- letter alliteration, alliterative, biliteral, illiteracy, illiterate, literacy, literal, literary, literate, literature, obliteration, transliteracy, transliteration, triliteral
locus loc- place dislocation, local, locality, location, locative, translocation
longus long- long elongate, longitude, oblong, prolong
lucrum lucr- lucrative, lucre
lumen lumin- light illumination, luminary, luminescence, luminous
lūna lūn- Moon cislunar, lunar, lunate, lunatic, lunation, luniform, translunar
lupus lup- wolf lupine
lutum lut- mud lutaceous, lutite
lux luc- light Lucifer, luciferous, lucifugal, translucency, translucent
luxus lux- luxuriant, luxurious, luxury
macula macul- spot immaculate, macula, macular, maculature, macule, maculose
magister magistr- master magisterial, magistrate
magnus
– māior
– maximus		 magn-
– māior-
– maxim-		 big, great
– bigger
– biggest		 magnate, magnitude
– majority
– maxim, maximum
malleus malle- hammer malleability, malleable, mallet
malus
– peior
– pessimus		 mal-
– peior-
– pessim-		 bad
– worse
– worst		 malady, malevolence, malice, malignant
– pejorative
– pessimist
manus manu- hand mainour, maintain, manacle, manage, mandamus, mandate, maneuver, manicure, manifest, maniform, maniple, manipulation, manual, manufacture, manumit, manuscript
mare mar- sea marinade, marinate, marine, mariner, maritime, submarine, ultramarine
Mars marti- Mars martial, Martian
māter mātr- mother immaterial, material, maternal, maternity, matriculate, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter
maturus matur- ripe immature, maturity, premature
medius medi- middle immediacy, immediate, intermediary, intermediate, media, medial, median, mediation, mediator, mediety, medieval, mediocre, medium
mel mell- honey mellifluent
memor memor- mindful commemorate, memoir, memorial, memory
menda mend- blemish emend
mens ment- mind dementia, mental, mentality
merus mer- pure mere
miles milit- soldier militant, military, militia
mille mill- thousand millennium, millipede
miser miser- commiserate, miserable, misery
modus mod- bimodal, intermodal, modal, mode, modesty, modicum, modify, multimodal
moles mol- mass bimolecular, demolition, mole, molecule
mollis moll- soft emollient, mollient, mollify, mollitude, mollusc, molluscicide, molluscivore, mollusk
mons mont- mountain cismontane, montage, montane, monticule, montiform, montigenous, mount, piedmont, surmount, tramontane, transmontane, ultramontanism
mora mor- delay moratorium
morbus morb- sickness morbid, morbidity
mors mort- death mortal, mortician, rigor mortis
mortuus mort- dead mortgage, mortuary, morgue
mos mor- custom immoral, immorality, moral, morality, mores
mucus muci- mucic, muciferous, muciform, mucilage, mucivore
mulier muli- woman muliebrity, mulierose
multus
– plus
– plurimus		 mult-
– plur-
– plurim-		 many
– more
– most		 multiplicity, multitude
plurality, pluriform
–
mulus mul- mule mular
mundus mund- world extramundane, mondial, mondo, mundane, mundanity
murus mur- wall intramural, murage, mural
mus mur- mouse murine
musca musc- fly Musca, muscarine, Muscidae, musciform, mosquito
muscus musc- moss
nasus nas- nose intranasal, nasal, nasality
navis nav- ship naval, nave, navy
neuter neutr- neither neutral, neutrality
niger nigr- black denigrate, nigrescence, nigrine, nigritude
nihil nihil- nothing nil, nihilism, annihilate, annihilation
nodus nod- knot nodal, nodule
nomen nomin- name binomen, binominal, denomination, denominator, ignominious, ignominy, multinominal, nominal, nomination, nominative, nominator, noun, postnominal, praenomen, prenominal, trinomen, trinominal
nonageni nonagen- ninety each nonagenarian, nonagenary
nōnus non- ninth nonary, None
norma norm- carpenter's square abnormal, abnormality, denormal, enormity, enormous, norm, normal, normality, normative, subnormal
novem novem- nine November, novennial
novemdecim novemdec- nineteen novemdecillion
noveni noven- nine each Novena, novenary
novus nov- new innovation, innovative, novel, novella, novelty, novice, novitiate, supernova
nox noct- night equinox, nocturnal, nocturnality
nudus nud- naked denudation, denude, nude, nudity
numerus numer- number denumerable, enumerate, enumeration, innumerable, numeracy, numeral, numeration, numerative, numerator, numerical, numerous
nux nuc- nut extranuclear, intranuclear, nucifer, nuciferine, nuciferous, nuciform, Nucifraga, nucivorous, nuclear, nucleus, nucleolar, nucleolus
octāvus octav- eighth octaval, octave, octavo
octō oct- eight octal, octangular, octavalent, octennial, octuple, octuplet, octuplicate
octogeni octogen- eighty each octogenarian, octogenary
octōni octon- eight each octonary, octonion
oculus ocul- eye binocular, inoculation, intraocular, monocle, ocular
omen omin- abominable, ominous
omnis omn- all omniform, omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, omnivore
onus oner- burden, load exonerate, onerous, onus
opacus opac- shady opacity, opaque
ops op- copious, opulent
opus oper- work opera, operose, operosity, opuscule
orbis orb- ring orb, orbit, orbital
ordo ordin- order extraordinary, insubordination, ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordinate, ordination, subordinate, superordinate
os or- mouth inosculation, intraoral, oral, oration, orator, oratorio, oratory, orifice, osculation, osculum
os oss- bone exossation, ossiferous, ossification, ossifrage, ossify, ossuary
otium oti- leisure negotiate, negotiation, otiose
ovis ov- sheep ovile, ovine
ovum ov- egg oval, ovarian, ovary, oviduct, oviform, oviposition, ovipositor, ovular, ovulation, ovulatory, ovule, ovum
pala pal- spade palette
palatum palat- roof of the mouth palatable, palatal, palate
pālus pal- stake impale, pale, palisade
pălus palūd- marsh paludose
paluster palustr- palustral, palustrine
panis pan- bread accompaniment, accompany, companion, company
par par- equal comparative, comparator, disparage, disparity, imparity, pair, par, parile, parity, peer, peerage, subpar
paries pariet- wall biparietal, parietal
pars part- piece apart, bipartient, bipartite, compartment, depart, department, departure, dispart, impart, impartial, nonpartisan, parcel, partial, partiality, particle, particular, particularity, particulate, partisan, party, passel, superparticular
parvus parv- small parvovirus
passer passer- sparrow passerine
pater patr- father Jupiter, paternal, paternity, patrimony, patron, patronage, perpetrate, repatriation
paucus pauc- few paucal, pauciloquent, paucity, poco
pavīmentum pavīment- ground pavement
pax pac- peace pacific, pacify
pectus pector- chest pectoral
penna penn- feather pen, pennage, pennate, penniform, pennigerous, pennon
perca perc- perch Perca, Percidae, perciform, percoid, Percoidea
pēs ped- foot biped, expedient, expedition, impediment, oppidum, pedal, pedestal, pedestrian, pedicure, pediform, pedigerous, pedigree
pestis pest- pest pesticide, pestiferous, pestilence
pileus pile- cap Pilea, pileate, pileum, pileus
pilus pil- hair depilation, depilatory, piliferous, piliform
pinna pinn- feather panache, pinnacle, pinnal, pinnate, pinniform, pinniped
pinnaculum pinnac- gable, peak pinnacle
pirus pir- pear piriform
piscis pisc- fish pisces, pisciform, piscine, piscivore
planta plant- sole plantar
planus plan- flat applanate, applanation, coplanar, plain, planar, planary, planate, planation, plane
platea plate- place displacement, placement, replacement
plebs pleb- common people plebian, plebiscite, plebs
plenus plen- full plenary, plenipotentiary, plenitude, plenum
pluma plum- feather plumage, plume, plumose, plumosity
pluvia pluvi- rain plover, pluvial, pluviosity
poculum pocul- cup poculent, poculiform
pollen pollin- pollen, pollination
pollex pollic- thumb pollical, pollicate, prepollex
pondus ponder- weight ponderosa, ponderous, pound, preponderance, preponderate
pons pont- bridge pontage, pontine, pontoon
porcus porc- pig porcine
porta port- gate porch, portal, portico
prandium prandi- lunch prandial, preprandial
pravus prav- crooked depravity
pretium preti- price depreciation, precious
prex prec- prayer preces
prior
– prīmus		 prior-
– prīm-		 former
– first		 prior, priority, priory
– prima facie, primal, primary, primate, prime, primer, primitive, primordial, primrose, Primula, subprime
privus priv- own privacy, private
probrum probr- opprobrium
probus prob- approbation, approval, approve, improbability, improbable, probability, probable, proband, probate, probation, probationary, probative, probity, reprobate
proprius propri- proper appropriate, appropriation, impropriety, inappropriate, propriety
prunus prun- plum prune
publicus public- public, publican, publication, publicity
pulcher pulchr- beautiful pulchritude
pullus pull- pullet, pullorum
pulmo pulmon- lung pulmonary
pulvinus pulvin- cushion, pillow pulvilli, pulvinar, pulvinated, pulvinus
pulvis pulver- dust, powder pulverize, pulverulence, pulverulent
pumex pumic- pumice stone pumicate, pumice, pumiceous, pumiciform, pumicite
pupa pup- doll pupae, pupal, puparium, pupation, pupil
purus pur- pure impure, impurity, pure, purity
pus pur- pus purulence, purulent
quadrini quadrin- four each quadrin
quadrum quadr- square biquadratic, quadrate, quadratic, quadrature, quadrille, quarry, squadron, square
quartus quart- fourth quart, quartal, quartan, quartary, quartet, quartic, quartile, quartine, quarto
quaterni quatern- four each quaternary, quaternion
quattuor quadr- four quadrangle, quadrennial, quadriceps, quadrifarious, quadrifid, quadrifolium, quadrifrons, quadrilateral, quadrilingual, quadriliteral, quadrillion, quadrinational, quadrinodal, quadrinomial, quadrinominal, quadripara, quadrireme, quadrisection, quadrivalent, quadrivium, quadruped, quadruple, quadruplet, quadruplex, quadruplicate, quatrain, quatrefoil
quini quin- five each biquinary, quinarius, quinary, quinate
quintus quint- fifth biquintile, quintal, quintan, quintessence, quintic, quintile
radius radi- ray, spoke irradiate, radial, radian, radiant, radiation, radiator
radix radic- root eradicate, radical, radicand, radicant, radicate, radicel, radicle, radiculose, radish
ramus ram- branch ramate, ramification, ramiform, ramose, ramosity
remus rem- oar bireme, quadrireme, quinquereme, remiform, trireme
rēn ren- kidney adrenal, renal, reniform
res re- thing real, reality
rete ret- net reticle, reticular, reticulate, retiform, retina
rēx rēg- king interregnum, regal, regent, reign
ripa rip- bank riparian
ritus rit- rite ritual
rivus riv- brook derive, rival, rivose, rivulet
rosa ros- rose rosaceous, rosary
rota rot- wheel rotary, rotation, rotula, rotund, roulette, round, rowel
ruber rubr- red erubescent, rubric
rūdis rūd- rude erudite, erudition, rudiment, rudimentary
ruga rug- wrinkle corrugate, corrugation, erugate, rugose
rumen rumin- rumen, rumenic acid, ruminal, ruminant, ruminate, rumination, ruminator
rūs rūr- countryside, farm rural, rustic
sacer sacr- sacred sacrifice, sacristy
saepes saep- hedge septum
sal sal- salt salary, salinity
sanguis sanguin- blood consanguineous, sanguine
sanus san- sound insanity, sanatorium
saxum sax- rock saxatile, saxicavous, saxicoline, saxifrage, saxifragous
semen semin- seed disseminate, insemination, semen, seminal, seminar, seminary
semis semi- half semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural
senex sen- old man senator, senility, senior
seni sen- six each senary
septem sept- seven septangular, septemvir, septennial
septeni septen- seven each septenary
sex sex- six sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial, sexireme, sexradiate, sextain
sexageni sexagen- sixty each sexagenarian, sexagenary
sexagesimus sexagesim- sixtieth sexagesimal
sextus sext- sixth bissextile, sestet, sestina, Sext, sextan, sextans, sextant, sextary, sextic, sextile
sibilus sibil- hiss silibance, sibilant, sibilation
siccus sicc- dry desiccant, desiccation, siccation, siccative, siccific
sidus sider- constellation consider, considerable, considerate, consideration, desiderate, desire, sidereal
signum sign- mark, sign assign, assignation, assignment, consign, consignment, design, designation, ensign, insignia, insignificance, insignificant, resign, resignation, sign, signal, signatory, signature, significant, signum
silva silv- forest silvan, silviculture
similis simil- like assimilation, similar, similarity, simile, similitude, verisimilitude
sincerus sincer- insincere, insincerity, sincere, sincerity
singulus singul- one each singularity, singulation, singulative
sinister sinistr- left sinister, sinistral
sinus sinu- curve insinuation, sine, sinus, sinuose, sinuosity, sinuous
sol sol- sun insolate, insolation, solar, soliform, solstice
solum sol- bottom insole, sole
solus sol- alone, only sole, solitary, solitude, solo
somnus somn- sleep insomnia, somnolent
sonus son- sound absonant, assonance, consonant, dissonance, resonance, sonorant, sonority, triconsonantal
sopor sopor- deep sleep sopor, soporific
soror soror- sister sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority
spes sper- hope desperado, desperate
spica spic- spica, spicate, spicose, spicosity, spiculate, spicule, spiculiform
spina spin- thorn spinal, spine, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform, spinose
squama squam- scale squamate, squamella, squamiform, squamose, squamous
stria stri- furrow striation, striature
strix strig- owl strigine
suavis suav- sweet suave
sucus
succus		 succ- juice succulent
sulcus sulc- furrow sulcal, sulcate, sulciform
tardus tard- slow retard, tardy
tempus tempor- time contemporaneous, contemporary, extemporaneous, tempo, temporal, temporaneous, temporary
tenuis tenu- thin attenuate, attenuation, attenuator, extenuating, tenuous
terminus termin- boundary coterminous, determination, determine, extermination, interminable, terminal, termination, terminative, terminator
terni tern- three each ternary, ternion
terra terr- dry land terrace, terracotta, terrain, terrestrial, extraterrestrial, territory, terroir
tertius terti- third sesterce, Terce, tertial, tertian, tertiary, tertiate
testis test- witness intestate, protestation, testament, testicle, testimony
totus tot- all, whole subtotal, total, totality
tres tri- three triangle, triceps, triennial, trillion, triquetrous, triradiate
tricae tric- tricks extricate, intricate, intrigue
tubus tub- tube intubation, tubal, tube, tubular
turba turb- disturbance, turbidity, turbine
tussis tuss- cough pertussis, tussive
ulmus ulm- elm Ulmaceae, ulmaceous, ulmic
umbra umbr- shade, shadow adumbration, penumbra, umbrage, umbrella
uncia unci- twelfth inch, ounce, quincuncial, uncial
uncus unc- hook unciform, Uncinaria, uncinate, Uncinia
unda und- wave abound, abundant, inundate, redound, redundant, surround, undulate, undulation, undulose
unus un- one coadunate, unary, unate, uniform, uniformity, union, unique, unity
urbs urb- city conurbation, suburb, urban, urbane
ursus urs- bear ursine, Ursus
vacuus vacu- empty vacuous, vacuum
vagus vag- wandering extravagant, vagile, vague
vallum vall- rampart interval, vallate
vanus van- empty, vain vanity
varius vari- varying variable, variance, variant, variation, variety, variform, various, vary
vas vas- vessel vasal, vase, vasiform
vastus vast- empty devastate, vastitude
vehiculum vehicul- wagon vehicle, vehicular
velox veloc- quick, swift velocity
velum vel- sail, veil velamen, velar, velate
vena ven- vein vein, venae cavae, venation, venous, venule, venulose
venter ventr- belly ventral, ventricle, ventriloquy
ventus vent- wind ventilator, ventose, ventosity
venum ven- venal, venality
venus vener- desire venerable, venereal
verbum verb- word adverb, adverbial, proverb, proverbial, verbal, verbatim, verbiage, verbid, verbose, verbosity
vermis verm- worm vermian, vermicelli, vermicular, vermicule, vermiculite, vermiculose, vermiculture, vermiform, vermifuge
vernus vern- spring vernal
vērus ver- true veracious, veracity, verify, veritable, verity
vesper vesper- evening vespertine
vestigium vestig- trace, track investigate, vestige, vestigial
vestis vest- clothing transvestite, travesty, vest, vestment, vesture
vetus veter- old veteran
via vi- way deviant, deviation, devious, impervious, obviate, obvious, pervious, trivial, viaduct, vialis
vicis vic- change vicarious, vicissitude
vicus vic- vicinal, vicinity
vigesimus vigesim- twentieth septemvigesimal, vigesimal
vilis vil- cheap, vile revile, vilification, vilify
vīlla vill- country house villa, village, villain
vinum vin- wine vignette, vine, viniculture, vinosity
vir vir- man (masculine) triumvirate, virago, virile, virility, virtue
virga virg- rod, twig virga, virgate, virgule
viscus viscer- internal organ eviscerate, visceral, viscus
vita vit- life vital, vitality
vitium viti- vice, vicious, vitiate
vitrum vitr- glass vitreous, vitriol
viverra viverr- ferret viverrid, viverrine
vola vol- palm volar
vox voc- voice advocacy, advocate, convocation, revocation, vocal, vocation, vocative, vociferant, vociferous
vulgus vulg- crowd divulge, vulgar, vulgarity, vulgate
vulnus vulner- wound vulnerable, vulnerose
vulpēs vulp- fox vulpicide, vulpine

Verbs

In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capiō" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio".

Latin verbs
Citation form Present stem Perfect stem Participial stem Meaning English derivatives
aceō ac- acu-  – be sour acescent, acid
agō
-igō		 ag-
-ig-		 eg- āct- act, drive abaction, abactor, act, action, active, activity, actor, actual, actuarial, actuary, actuate, actuator, agenda, agency, agent, agentive, agible, agile, agility, agitate, agitation, agitative, agitato, agitator, ambiguity, ambiguous, assay, castigate, coagment, coagulate, cogent, cogitate, deactivate, disambiguation, enact, essay, exact, exigent, fumigate, inaction, inactive, indefatigable, inexact, interact, intransigent, litigate, mitigate, navigate, peract, proactive, purgatory, purge, react, reaction, reactionary, reactive, reactor, reagent, redact, reenact, retroactive, subact, subaction, variegate
alō al-
-ol-
-ul-		 alu- alit-
alt-		 nourish adolescence, adolescent, adult, alimentary, alimony, alma mater, altar, altiloquent, altissimo, altitude, alto, alumnus, coalesce, coalition
ambulō ambul- ambulav- ambulat- walk amble, ambulance, ambulatory, perambulate, preamble
amō am- amav- amat- like, love amateur, amatory, enamor, paramour
appello appell- appellav- appellat- call, address appeal, appellant, appellate, appellation
apō ap-
api-
epi-		 ap- apt-
-ept-		 fasten adapt, apt, inept
ardeō ard- ars- ars- be on fire ardent, ardor
areō ar-  –  – be dry arid, aridisols, aridity
arguō argu- argu- argut- argue, argument
audeō aud- aus-  – be bold, dare
audiō aud- audiv- audit- hear audibility, audible, audience, audient, audio, audit, audition, auditive, auditor, auditorium, auditory, inaudible
augeō aug- aux- auct- increase auction, augmentation, augmentative
aveō av-  –  – avarice, avid
bibō bib- bib- bibit- drink beverage, bibulous, imbibe, imbrue
cadō
-cidō		 cad-
-cid-		 cecid- cas- fall accident, accidental, cadence, caducous, case, casual, casualty, casuistry, coincidence, coincidental, decadence, decadent, decay, deciduous, incident, incidental, recidivous
caedō caed-
-cid-		 cecid- caes-
-cis-		 cut caesura, concise, concision, decision, decisive, excise, excision, imprecise, imprecision, incision, incisive, incisor, indecision, indecisive, precise, precision, succise, succision
caleō cal- calu-  – be warm calid, calor, calorie
canō can-
-cin-		 cecin- cant-
-cent-		 sing cantata, canticle, cantor, cantus
cantō cant- cantav- cantat- chanteuse, enchant, incantation, recant, recantation
capiō
-cipiō		 cap- cep-
-cip-		 capt-
-cept-		 take accept, capable, capacitance, capacity, caption, captious, captivate, captive, captor, capture, catch, conceit, conceive, concept, conception, contraception, contraceptive, deceit, deceive, deception, emancipate, except, exception, imperceptible, incapacitate, incipience, incipient, intercept, interception, percept, perceptible, perception, perceptive, percipient, precept, receipt, receive, recept, receptacle, reception, receptive, receptor, recipe, recipient, susceptible
careō car- caru- carit- lack charity, precarious
carpō
-cerpō		 carp-
-cerp-		 carps- carpt-
-cerpt-		 pick, pluck carpe diem, decerp, decerption, excerpt
caveō cav- cav- caut- beware caution, cautionary, caveat, precaution, precautionary
cēdō cēd- cess- cess- yield, depart abscess, accede, accession, antecedent, cession, circumincession, concede, concession, decease, decedent, decession, discede, excess, excessive, intercede, intercession, precede, precession, précis, predecessor, proceed, process, procession, recede, recess, recession, recessive, retrocede, retrocession, secede, secession, succeed, success, succession, successor
cēlō
-culō		 cēl-
-cul-		 celav- celat-
-cult-		 hide conceal, occult
cenō cen- cenav- cenat- dine
ceptō cept- ceptav- ceptat- disceptation
cernō cern- crev- cret- separate, sift decern, decree, discern, discernible, discernment, discrete, excrement, excretion, secern, secernent, secretion
cessō cess- cessav- cessat- cease, cessation, cessationism, cessative, cessavit, incessant
cieō ci- civ- cit- accite, cite, excite, excitement, incite, incitement, recital, recitative, recite
cingō cing- cinx- cinct- encircle, gird cincture, succinct
clāmō clām- clāmāv- clāmāt- call acclaim, acclamation, clamor, exclaim, exclamation, exclamatory, proclaim, proclamation
claudō
-clūdō		 claud-
-clūd-		 claus- claus-
-clūs-		 close clause, claustral, closet, closure, conclude, conclusion, conclusive, conclusory, enclosure, exclude, exclusion, exclusive, include, inclusion, inclusive, inconclusive, malocclusion, occlude, occlusion, occlusive, preclude, recluse, reclusive, seclude, seclusion
clinō clin- clinav- clinat- lean declinable, declination, decline, inclination, incline, recline
cogitō cogit- cogitav- cogitat- think, ponder cogitate
colō col-
cul-		 colu- colt-
cult-		 till agriculture, apiculture, colony, cult, cultivate, cultural, culture
cōnor con- conat-  – try conation
coquō coqu- cox- coct- cook coctile, concoct, concoction, decoction, precocious
consulō consul- consulu- consult- consult consult, counsel
creō cre- creav- creat- make creation, creative, creator, creature
crescō cresc- crev- cret- grow accretion, accrue, crescendo, crescent, croissant, decrease, decrescence, decrescendo, decrescent, excrescent, increase, increscent, recruit
cubō cub- cubu- cubat- lie concubinage, incubate, incubator, incubous, incubus, succubine, succubous, succubus
-cumbō -cumb- -cubu- -cubit- lie incumbency, incumbent, recumbence, recumbent, succumb
cupiō cup- cupiv- cupit- desire cupidity
currō curr- cucurr- curs- run concur, concurrency, concurrent, courier, course, currency, current, curriculum, cursive, cursor, discourse, discursive, excursion, extracurricular, incur, incursion, occur, occurrence, parcourse, recourse, recur, recurrent, recursion, recursive, succor, succursal
dicō dic- dicav- dicat- dedicate, dedication, predicate
dicō dic- dix- dict- say addict, addiction, addictive, diction, dictionary, dictum, edict, indite, predict, prediction, predictive, valediction, valedictorian, valedictory
dictō dict- dictav- dictat- dictate, dictation, dictator, dictatorial
dō d- ded-
-did-		 dat-
-dit-		 give add, addend, addendum, addition, additive, dative, dedimus, dedition, edition, editor, extradition, perdition, redditive, rendition, surrender, tradition
doceō doc- docu- doct- teach doctor, doctrine, document, documentary, indoctrination
doleō dol- dolui dolit- grieve dolor, condolence
dormiō dorm- dormiv- dormit- sleep dormitory
dubitō dubit- dubitav- dubitat- doubt indubitable
ducō duc- dux- duct- lead abduce, abducent, abduction, abductor, adduce, adducent, adduct, adduction, adductor, circumduction, conduce, conducent, conduction, conductive, conductivity, conductor, deduce, deduct, deductible, deduction, deductive, duct, ductile, ductility, ductor, educe, educt, induce, inducement, induct, induction, inductive, inductor, introduce, introduction, introductory, irreducible, nonconductive, produce, product, production, productive, productivity, reduce, reducible, reduction, reintroduction, reproduce, reproduction, seduce, seduction, seductive, subduction, superconductivity
edō ed- ed- es- eat edible, esculent
emō
-imō		 em-
-im-		 em- empt- buy emptor, exempt, exemption, preempt, preemption, preemptive, preemptory, redeem, redemption, redemptive
eō e- i- it- go adit, ambient, ambit, ambition, coition, coitus, exeat, exit, intransitive, introit, obituary, preterite, redient, redition, sedition, transient, transit, transition, transitive, transitory
errō err- errav- errat- stray errant, errata, erratic, erratum, inerrant
faciō
-ficiō		 fac-
-fic-		 fec-
-fic-		 fact-
-fect-		 make affair, affect, affection, affective, benefactive, benefactor, confect, confection, confectionery, defeat, defect, defective, deficiency, deficient, difficulty, effect, effective, efficiency, efficient, facile, facilitator, facility, facsimile, fact, faction, factious, factor, factorial, factory, factual, faculty, fashion, feat, feature, imperfect, imperfection, ineffective, inefficient, infect, infection, infectious, infective, insufficient, office, official, officiant, officiate, parfait, perfect, perfection, perfective, prefect, prefecture, proficient, semelfactive, suffice, sufficiency, sufficient
fallō fall- fefell- fals- fallacy, fallible, false, falsity, infallible
faveō fav- favu- favit- favor
fendō fend- fend- fens- defend, defense, defensible, defensive, fence, indefensible, offend, offense, offensive
ferō fer- tul- lāt- bear, bring ablative, allative, circumference, circumferential, confer, conference, conifer, correlate, correlation, correlative, defer, deference, deferent, deferral, differ, difference, different, differential, delate, delative, elate, elation, elative, fertile, fertility, illative, infer, inference, interfere, interference, interrelate, lative, oblate, oblation, perlative, prefer, preference, preferential, prolate, prolation, prolative, refer, reference, referendum, referent, referential, referral, relate, relation, relative, relativity, sublative, suffer, superlative, transfer, transference, transferral, translation, translator
ferveō ferv-  –  – fervency, fervent, fervescent, fervid, fervor
fīgō fīg- fīx- fix- fix affix, crucifixion, fixure, suffix
findō find- fid- fiss- cleave, split bifid, fissile, fission, fissure, fistula
fingō fing- finx- fict- fashion, invent effigy, fiction, fictive, figment
fiō fi-  –  – be made fiat
flectō flect- flex- flex- bend deflect, flexibility, flexible, flexile, flexion, flexor, flexuose, flexure, genuflect, inflect, inflection, inflexible, reflect, reflective, reflector, reflex, retroreflector
fligō flig- flix- flict- strike afflict, affliction, conflict, inflict, infliction, profligate
flō fl- flav- flat- blow conflate, conflation, deflate, deflation, efflation, exsufflation, flabellum, flabile, flatulence, inflate, inflation, insufflation, soufflé, sufflate
fluō flu- flux- flux- flow affluence, affluent, confluence, diffluence, effluent, efflux, fluency, fluent, fluid, flume, flux, fluxion, influence, influenza, influx, reflux
fodiō fod- fod- foss- dig fossil
for f- fat–  – say, speak affability, affable, fabulous, fame, fatal, fate, ineffable, infamous, infamy, infancy, infant, infantile, infantry
frangō
-fringō		 frang-
-fring-		 freg- fract- break birefringence, diffract, diffraction, fractal, fraction, fracture, fragile, fragility, fragment, frail, infraction, infringe, irrefrangible, refraction, refractive, refractor, refractory, refrain (noun), refrangible, refringent, suffrage
fricō fric- fricu- frict- rub fricative, friction
frigeō frig-  –  – be cold frigid
frigō frig- frix- frict- parch
fruor fru- fruct-  – enjoy usufruct, usufructuary
fugiō fug- fug- fugit- flee fugitive, refugee
fundō fund- fūd- fūs- pour confound, confuse, effund, effuse, effusion, effusive, fondant, fondue, found, foundry, fusion, profuse, profusion, profusive, refund, refusal, refuse
fungor fung- funct-  – do defunct, fungible, function, functional, functionary, malfunction
gaudeō gaud- gavis-  – rejoice gaud
gerō ger- gess- gest- carry agger, congest, congestion, congestive, digest, digestion, digestive, gerund, gerundive, gestation, gesture, indigestible, indigestion, ingest, ingestion, ingestive, suggest, suggestive, suggestion
gradior
-gredior		 gradi-
-gredi-		 gress-
-gress-		  – step aggression, aggressive, aggressor, congress, digress, digression, digressive, egress, gradient, ingredient, ingress, ingressive, nonaggression, progress, progression, progressive, regress, regression, regressive, retrogressive, transgression, transgressor
gustō gust- gustav- gustat- taste gustation, gustatory
habeō
-hibeō		 habe-
-hibe-		 habu- habit-
-hibit-		 have debit, debt, exhibit, exhibition, habeas corpus, habile, habit, habitat, habitual, inhibit, inhibition, inhibitory, prohibit, prohibition, prohibitive, rehabilitation
haereō haer- haes- haes- cling, stick adhere, adherent, adhesion, adhesive, cohere, coherence, coherent, cohesion, cohesive, hesitant, hesitate, hesitation, incoherent, nonadhesive
halō hal-
-hel-		 halav- halat- breathe exhalable, exhalant, exhalation, exhale, inhalant, inhalation, inhale
hauriō hauri- haus- haust- draw exhaust, exhaustible, exhaustion, exhaustive, haurient, haustrum, inexhaustible
hiō hi- hiav- hiat- gape hiatal, hiatus
iaceō iac- iacu- jacit- be thrown, lie adjacent, circumjacent, nonadjacent, subjacent, superjacent
iaciō
-iciō		 iac- iec-
(j)ic-		 jact-
-ject-		 throw abject, conjecture, dejection, ejection, ejector, inject, injection, introjection, jet, object, objection, objective, objector, project, projectile, projector, reject, rejection, subject, subjective, surjective, trajectory
irascor irasc- irat-  – be angry irascible, irate
labor lab- laps-  – slide, slip collapse, elapse, labile, prolapse, relapse
laciō
-liciō		 lac-
-lic-		 -licu- –
-lect-		 lure delicious, elicit, illicit
laedō
-lidō		 laed-
-lid-		 laes-
-lis-		 laes-
-lis-		 hurt collide, collision, elide, elision, lesion
langueō langu-  –  – languid, languish, languor
laudō laud- laudav- laudat- praise laud, laudable, laudatory
lavō lav- lav- laut-, lot- wash lavatory, loment, lotion, loture
lēgō lēg- legav- legat- send allege, delegate, relegation
legō
-ligō		 leg-
-lig-		 leg- lect- choose, gather, read collect, collectible, collection, collective, collector, diligence, diligent, elect, election, elective, elector, eligibility, eligible, illegible, ineligible, lectionary, lector, lecture, legend, legendary, legible, neglect, negligence, negligent, select, selection, selective, selector
leō l-  – let-
-lit-		 delete, deletion, delible, indelible
libō lib- libav- libat- pour libament, libation
libō lib-  – libit- please libido
ligō lig- ligav- ligat- bind ligament, ligature, obligation
linquō linqu- liqu- lict- abandon delict, delinquent, derelict, dereliction, relict, reliction, relinquish, reliquary
liveō liv-  –  – livid, livor
locō loc- locav- locat- place, put allocate, locate, location
loquor loqu- locut-  – speak allocution, circumlocution, colloquial, colloquium, eloquence, eloquent, grandiloquent, interlocutor, interlocutory
luceō luc- lux-  – be light, shine lucent, pellucid
luctor luct- luctat-  – wrestle reluctance, reluctant
lūdō lūd- lūs- lūs- play allude, allusion, allusive, collude, collusion, collusive, delude, delusion, delusional, delusive, delusory, disillusion, elude, elusion, elusive, illude, illusion, illusive, illusory, interlude, ludicrous, prelude
luō lu- lu- lut- wash abluent, ablution, dilute, elution, pollution
maneō man- mans- mans- stay immanent, mansion, permanence, permanent, remain, remanence, remanent
mānō mān- manav- manat- flow emanate, emanation
meō me- meav- meat- go, pass impermeable, permeable, permeance, permeant, permease, permeate, permeation
mergō merg- mers- mers- dip emerge, emergence, immerse, immersion, immersive
migrō migr- migrav- migrat- emigrant, emigrate, emigration, émigré, immigrant, immigrate, immigration, migrant, migrate, migration, migratory, nonmigratory
minuō minu- minu- minut- lessen diminuendo, diminution, diminutive, minuend
misceō misc- miscu- mixt- mix admixture, miscible, mixture, promiscuous
mittō mitt- mīs- miss- send admissible, admission, admit, commissar, commissariat, commissary, commission, commissure, commit, committal, decommission, dismiss, dismissal, dismissive, emissary, emission, emit, impermissible, inadmissible, intermission, intermittent, intromission, intromit, manumission, manumit, message, missile, mission, missionary, missive, noncommittal, permission, permissive, permit, premise, premiss, premit, promise, promissive, promissory, readmission, readmit, recommit, remiss, remission, remit, resubmit, retransmission, retransmit, submission, submissive, submit, transmissible, transmission, transmissive, transmit
molō mol- molu- molit- grind demolition, emolument, molar
moneō mon- monu- monit- warn admonish, admonition, admonitory, monition, monitor, monitory, monument, monumental, premonition
monstrō monstr- monstrav- monstrat- show demonstrable, demonstrant, demonstrate, demonstration, demonstrative, demonstrator, remonstrant, remonstrate, remonstration, remonstrative
moveō mov- mov- mot- move admove, demote, demotion, commotion, commove, emotion, emotional, emotive, locomotion, locomotive, motif, motile, motility, motion, motive, motor, move, promote, promotion, promotional, promotor, remote, remotion, removal, remove
narrō narr- narrav- narrat- tell narration, narrative, narrator
nascor nasc- nat-
gnat-		  – be born adnascent, adnate, agnate, agnatic, agnation, cognate, cognation, enate, enation, innate, naissant, nascent, natal, nation, national, nationality, native, nativity, natural, nature, prenatal, preternatural, renaissance, renascent, supernatural
natō nat- natav- natat- float, swim natatorium
necō nec- necav- necat- kill enecate
nectō nect- nexu- nex- join, tie annex, connect, connexion, disconnect, interconnect, nexus, reconnect
nōscō
-gnōscō		 nōsc-
-gnōsc-		 nosc- nōt-
-gnōt-, -gnit-		 know cognition, cognitive, ignoble, nobility, noble, notice, notion, recognition, reconnaissance, reconnoiter
notō not- notav- notat- mark annotation, annotator, connotation, denotation, denote, notability, notable, notary, notation
nuntiō nunt- nuntiav- nuntiat- bring news of, announce announce, annunciation, denunciation, renounce, renunciation
nutriō nutr- nutriv- nutrit- nourish nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritious
ōdi od-  –  – hate odious, odium
oleō ol- olu-  – smell olid, redolent
optō opt- optav- optat- choose adopt, opt, optative
orior ori- ort–  – rise abort, abortion, orient
palleō pall- pallu-  – be pale pallid, pallor
pandō pand-
-pend-		  – pans-
-pess-		 spread dispand, expand, expanse, expansion, expansive
pangō
-pingō		 pang-
-ping-		 pepig- pact- fasten compact, compaction, compactor, impact, impaction, impingement
pareō par- paru- parit- be ready apparent, apparition, disappearance, disparition, parent, transparent
pareō par- paru- parit- obey parenthood
pariō par-
-per-		 peper- part-
-pert-		 biparous, nulliparity, nulliparous, parent, vivipary
parō par- parav- parat- make ready disparate, inseparable, irreparable, preparation, preparatory, prepare, repair, reparation, separable, separate, separation, separator, sever, severable, several, severance
pascō pasc- pav- past- feed pastern, pastor, pasture, repast
pateō pat- patu-  – be open patent
patior pat- pass-  – endure compatibility, compatible, dispassionate, impatience, impatient, incompatibility, incompatible, passion, passive, passivity, patience, patient
paviō pav- paviv- pavit- beat pavement
-pellō -pell- -pellav- -pellat- appeal, appellable, appellant, appellate, appellation, appellative, repeal
pellō pell- pepul- puls- push appulse, compel, compulsion, compulsive, compulsory, depulsion, dispel, impulse, impulsive, propel, propellent, propulsion, pulse, pulsion, repel, repulsion
pendeō pend- pepend-  – be hanging, hang (intr.) dependency, dependent, independence, independent, interdependent, pendent, pending, pensile, propensity
pendō pend- pepend- pens- weigh compendious, compendium, dispense, expend, expense, pension, pensive, poise, suspense
pensō pens- pensav- pensat- compensate, compensation, compensatory, dispensation, pensative
perior per-  –  – experience, experiment, inexperience, peril
petō pet- petiv- petit- seek, attack appetence, appetite, compete, competent, competition, competitive, competitor, impetuous, impetus, incompetent, noncompetitive, petulance, petulant, repeat, repetition, repetitive
pingō ping- pinx- pict- paint depict, depiction, paint, pictorial, picture, pigment, pinto
placeō
-pliceō		 plac-
-plic-		 placu- placit-
-plicit-		 please complacency, complacent, placid, placidity
placō plac- placav- placat- implacable, placate
plangō plang- planx- planct- plague, plaintiff, plaintive, plangent
plaudō
-plodō		 plaud-
-plod-		 plaus- plaus-
-plos-		 clap applaud, applause, explode, explosion, implausible, implosion, plaudit, plausible
plectō plect- plex- plex- plait complex, complexity, implex, implexion, perplex, plexure, plexus
pleō ple- plev- plet- fill complement, complementary, complete, completion, deplete, depletion, implement, impletion, incomplete, plenary, plenitude, plenum, replete, supplement, supplemental, supplementary, suppletion, suppletive
plicō plic- plicav- plicat- fold complicate, complication, duplicate, duplication, explicable, explicandum, explicate, explication, implicate, implicature, inexplicable, multiplicand, multiplication, ply, quadruplicate, replica, replicable, replicant, replicate, replication, triplicate
plōrō plor- plorav- plorat- deplorable, deplore, implore
poliō pol- poliv- polit- smoothen interpolate, expolish, polish, polite, politure
pōnō pōn- posu- posit- put adposition, antepone, anteposition, apposite, apposition, appositive, circumposition, component, composite, composition, compositor, contraposition, contrapositive, decomposition, depone, deponent, deposit, deposition, depositor, depository, dispone, disposition, dispositive, expone, exponent, exponential, exponentiation, exponible, exposit, exposition, expositive, expositor, expository, impone, imponent, imposition, impostor, indisposition, interpone, interponent, interposition, juxtaposition, oppone, opponent, opposite, opposition, posit, position, positive, positure, postpone, postposition, postpositive, posture, preposition, prepositive, prepositor, prepositure, propone, proponent, proposition, recomposition, reimposition, repone, reposit, reposition, repository, seposit, seposition, superimposition, superposition, supposition, suppository, transposition, transpositive
portō port- portav- portat- carry apport, comport, comportment, deport, deportation, disport, export, exportation, import, importation, portable, portage, proport, purport, rapport, reexport, reimport, report, reportage, support, transport, transportation
potō pot- potav- potat- drink potable, potion
precor prec- precat-  – pray deprecate, precarious
prehendō prehend-
prend-		 prehend- prehens-
prens-		 grasp apprehend, apprehension, apprehensive, apprise, comprehend, comprehensible, comprehension, comprehensive, comprise, deprehend, enterprise, incomprehensible, prehend, prehensile, prehension, prise, purprise, reprehend, reprehensible, reprisal, reprise, surprise
premō
-primō		 prem-
-prim-		 press- press- press, push appress, appressorium, compress, compression, compressive, compressor, decompression, depress, depression, depressor, express, expression, expressive, impress, impression, impressive, imprimatur, irrepressible, oppress, oppression, oppressive, oppressor, pressure, repress, repression, repressive, reprimand, suppress, suppression, suppressor
pugnō pugn- pugnav- pugnat- fight impugn, pugnacious, repugnance, repugnant
pulsō puls- pulsav- pulsat- pulsate, pulsatile, pulsation, pulsative, pulsator
pungō pung- pupug- punct- prick contrapuntal, poignant, punctual, punctuation, puncture, pungency, pungent
putō put- putav- putat- prune, think account, amputation, computable, computation, compute, count, deputy, discount, disputable, disputation, dispute, impute, indisputable, putative, raconteur, recount, reputable, reputation, repute
quaerō
-quirō		 quaer-
-quir-		 quaesiv- quaesit-
-quisit-		 search, seek acquire, acquisition, exquire, exquisite, inquire, inquisitive, perquisite, query
quatiō
-cutiō		 quat-
-cut-		  – quass-
-cuss-		 shake concussion, decussation, percussion, percussive, percussor, repercussion, succussion, succussive
radō rad- ras- ras- scrape, shave abrade, abrasion, erasure
ranceō ranc-  –  – be rotten rancid, rancor
rapiō
-ripiō		 rap-
-rip-		 rapu- rapt-
-rept-		 rapacious, rape, rapidity, rapt, raptor, rapture, surreptitious
regō
-rigō		 reg-
-rig-		 rex- rect- keep straight correct, correction, corrective, corrigendum, direct, direction, directional, directive, director, directory, dirigible, erect, erection, erector, incorrect, incorrigible, rectitude, rector, rectorate, rectory, resurrect, resurrection
repō rep- reps- rept- crawl, creep reptile, reptilian
rideō ride- ris- ris- laugh, smile deride, derision, derisive, ridiculous, risible
rigeō rig-  –  – be stiff de rigueur, rigid, rigor
rodō rod- ros- ros- gnaw corrode, corrosion, corrosive, erode, erosion, noncorrosive, rodent, rodenticide
rogō rog- rogav- rogat- ask abrogate, abrogation, derogate, derogatory, interrogate, interrogation, interrogator
rumpō rump- rup- rupt- break, burst abrupt, corrupt, corruption, disrupt, disruption, disruptive, erumpent, erupt, eruption, interrupt, interruption, rupture
saliō
-siliō		 sal-
-sil-		 salu-
-silu-		 salt- jump assail, assault, resile, resilience, resilient, salient
saltō salt-
-sult-		 saltav- saltat-
-sultat-		 desultory, exult, result
scandō
-scendō		 scand-
-scend-		 scand- scans-
-scens-		 climb ascend, ascension, condescension, descend, descent, scansion, transcend, transcendental
scīō sci- sciv- scit- know conscience, nescience, omniscience, plebiscite, prescient, science
scrībō scrīb- scrips- scrīpt- write ascribe, circumscribe, conscription, describe, description, descriptive, descriptor, indescribable, inscribe, inscription, nondescript, postscript, prescribe, prescription, prescriptive, proscribe, proscription, proscriptive, scribble, scribe, script, scriptural, scripture, scrivener, subscribe, subscript, subscription, superscript, transcribe, transcript, transcription
secō sec- secu- sect- cut bisect, bisectrix, dissect, dissection, insect, intersect, intersection, intersectionality, resection, secant, sectile, section, sector, segment, trisectrix, vivisection
sedeō
-sideō		 sede-
-side-		 sed- sess- sit dissident, insidious, nonresident, obsession, obsessive, preside, presidium, reside, resident, sedentary, sediment, sessile, session, subside, supersede, supersession
sedō sed- sedav- sedat- sedate, sedation, sedative
sentiō senti- sens- sens- feel assent, consensual, consensus, consent, dissension, dissent, insensate, nonsense, resent, resentment, scent, sensate, sensation, sensational, sense, sensibility, sensible, sensor, sensual, sentence, sentient, sentiment, sentimental, sentimentality
sequor sequ- secut- sum  – follow consecutive, consequence, consequent, consequential, ensue, execute, executive, executor, inconsequential, insequent, nonconsecutive, obsequence, obsequent, obsequious, persecute, persecution, persecutor, prosecute, prosecution, prosecutor, prosecutive, resequent, sequel, sequela, sequence, sequent, sequential, subsequent, sue, suit, suitor
serō ser- seru- sert- assert, assertion, desert, insert, insertion, serial, series
serpō serp- serps- serpt- crawl serpent
serviō serv- serviv- servit- serve servile, servitude, subservient
servō serv- servav- servat- save conservation, conservative, conservator, conservatory, conserve, observance, observant, observation, observatory, observe, preservation, preservative, preserve, reservation, reserve
sistō sist- stet- stat- cause to stand absist, assist, consist, consistency, consistent, desist, exist, existence, existent, inconsistent, insist, insistence, insistent, nonexistent, persist, persistence, persistent, resist, subsist, subsistence, subsistent
solvō solv- solv- solut- loosen absolute, absolution, absolutive, absolve, dissolute, dissolution, dissolve, insoluble, insolvency, resolute, resolution, resolve, solubility, soluble, solute, solution, solve, solvent
sordeō sord- sordu-  – be dirty sordid
spargō sparg-
-sperg-		 spars- spars-
-spers-		 scatter aspersion, dispersal, disperse, dispersion, sparse
speciō
-spiciō		 spec-
-spic-		 spex- spect- look aspect, aspectual, circumspect, circumspection, conspecific, conspectus, conspicuous, inspect, inspection, inspector, interspecific, introspection, introspective, nonspecific, prospect, prospective, prospector, prospectus, respect, respective, retrospective, special, species, specific, specimen, specious, speculate, speculum
spectō spect- spectav- spectat- expectant, expectation, spectacle, spectacular, spectator
spirō spir- spirav- spirat- breathe aspiration, aspire, conspiracy, conspirator, conspiratorial, conspire, inspiration, inspirational, inspire, perspiration, perspire, preaspiration, respiration, respirator, spiracle
splendeō splend- splendu-  – resplendent, splendent, splendid, splendiferous, splendor
squaleō squal- squalu-  – squalid, squalor
statuō
-stituō		 statu-
-stitu-		 statu-
-stitu-		 statut-
-stitut-		 cause to stand constituency, constituent, constitute, constitution, destitute, destitution, institute, institution, prostitute, prostitution, reconstitute, restitution, statuary, statue, statuette, statute, statutory, substituent, substitute, substitution
staurō staur- staurav- staurat- instaurate, instauration, instaure, restaurant, restoration, restorative
sternō stern- strav- strat- spread, strew prostrate, stratus, stratum, substratum
stō st- stet- stat- stand circumstance, circumstantial, constable, constancy, constant, consubstantiation, distance, distant, establish, establishment, estate, extant, instability, instance, instant, instate, insubstantial, presto, reinstate, reinstatement, restate, restatement, stabile, stability, stable, stamen, stamina, staminal, stance, stanchion, stanza, statant, statary, state, statement, station, stationary, stative, stator, stature, status, stet, substance, substantial, substantiate, substantive, substation, transubstantiation
stringō string- strinx- strict- squeeze astringent, constrain, constraint, constrict, constriction, distrain, distraint, distress, district, restrain, restraint, restrict, restriction, restrictive, strain, strict, stricture, stringency, stringent
struō stru- strux- struct- construct, constructible, construction, constructive, constructor, construe, destroy, destruction, destructive, indestructible, infrastructure, instruct, instruction, instructive, instructor, instrument, instrumental, obstruct, obstruent, obstruction, structural, structure, superstructure
studeō stud- studu-  – student, studious
stupeō stup- stupu-  – be stunned stupefaction, stupendous, stupid, stupidity, stupor
suadeō suad- suas- suas- dissuade, dissuasion, persuade, persuasion, persuasive
sum es- fu- futur- be absence, absent, adessive, antessive, essence, essential, essive, exessive, future, futurity, inessive, interest, presence, present, subessive
sūmō sum- sumps- sumpt- take assume, assumption, assumptive, consume, consumption, consumptive, insume, presume, presumption, presumptive, presumptuous, resume, resumption, resumptive, subsume, subsumption
suō su- su- sūt- sew assument, sutile, suture
taceō tac-
-tic-		 tacu- tacit- keep silent reticence, reticent, tacit
tangō
-tingō		 tang-
-ting-		 tetig-
-tig-		 tact- touch attain, attainment, contact, contingency, contingent, intact, intangible, integral, pertingent, tactile, tangent, tangental, tangential, tangible
tegō teg- tex- tect- cover detect, detection, detective, detector, integument, protect, protection, protective, protector, protectorate
tendō tend- tetend- tens- stretch attend, contend, distend, distension, extend, extensible, extension, extensor, intend, intense, intension, intensional, ostensible, ostension, ostensory, portend, pretend, pretense, pretension, subtend, tendency, tendentious, tense, tensible, tensile, tension, tensure
teneō
-tineō		 ten-
-tin-		 tenu-
-tinu-		 tent- have, hold abstain, abstention, abstinence, abstinent, appertain, appertinent, appurtenance, appurtenant, contain, content, continent, continental, countenance, detain, detention, discontent, entertain, entertainment, impertinent, incontinence, intenible, maintain, maintenance, malcontent, obtain, pertain, pertinacious, pertinacity, pertinence, pertinent, retain, retainer, retention, retentive, retinue, sustain, sustenance, tenacity, tenet, tenor, tenure
tentō tent- tentav- tentat- ostentation, ostentatious, tentacle, tentative
tergeō terg- ters- ters- wipe detergent, terse
terō ter- triv- trit- rub, wear attrition, contrite, contrition, detriment, detrimental, detrital, detrition, detritivore, detritus, trite
texō tex- texu- text- weave context, contextual, pretext, subtext, text, textile, textual, texture
timeō tim- timu-  – be afraid timidity, timorous
tinniō tinn- tinniv- tinnit- ring tinnitus
torqueō torqu- tors- tort- twist contort, contortion, detortion, distort, distortion, extort, extortion, retort, torque, torsade, torse, tort, tortillon, tortrix, torture
torreō torr- torru- tost- torrent, torrential, torrid
trahō trah- trax- tract- drag, draw abstract, abstraction, attract, attraction, attractive, attractor, contract, contraction, contractor, detract, detraction, detractive, detractor, distract, distraction, distractive, extract, extraction, extractor, protractor, retract, retraction, retractor, subtract, subtraction, subtractive, subtractor, subtrahend, tract, tractile, traction, tractor
tueor tu- tut-, tuit-  – intuition, intuitive, tuition, tutelage, tutor
tumeō tum- tumu-  – be swollen detumescence, tumescent, tumid, tumidity, tumor
turgeō turg-  –  – turgid, turgidity, turgor
umeō um-  –  – be moist humid, humidify, humidity, humidor
urō ur- uss- ust- burn adustion, urn
utor ut- us-  – use abuse, abusive, perusal, peruse, use, usufruct, usure, usurp, usury, utility
vacō vac- vacav- vacat- be empty vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation
vadō vad- vas- vas- go evade, evasion, evasive, invade, invasion, invasive, pervasive
valeō val- valu- valit- be strong ambivalent, invalid, prevalent, valence, valid, valor
vehō veh- vex- vect- carry advection, convection, convective, convex, invective, inveigh, transvection, vector, vehicle
vellō vell- vuls- vuls- avulsion, convulse, convulsion, convulsive, revulsion
veniō ven- ven- vent- come advene, advent, adventist, adventitious, adventure, avenue, circumvent, circumvention, contravene, contravention, convene, convenience, convenient, convent, conventicle, convention, conventional, covenant, event, eventual, eventuality, inconvenience, inconvenient, intervene, intervention, invent, invention, inventive, inventory, nonintervention, obvention, prevene, prevent, prevention, preventive, provenience, reconvene, venture, venue
vereor ver- verit-  – irreverent, revere, reverence, reverend, reverent, reverential
vergō verg-  –  – converge, convergence, convergent, diverge, divergence, divergent, vergence
versō vers- versav- versat- aversation, conversant, conversation, obversant, versant, versatile, versatility
vertō vert- vert- vers- turn adversarial, adversary, adverse, adversity, averse, aversion, avert, avertible, controversy, converse, conversion, convert, convertible, diverse, diversion, diversionary, diversity, divert, eversion, evert, extrovert, incontrovertible, introversion, inverse, inversion, invert, invertible, irreversible, nonconvertible, obverse, obversion, obvert, perverse, perversion, perversity, pervert, reversal, reverse, reversible, reversion, revert, subversion, subversive, subvert, transverse, traverse, universal, universe, verse, versicle, version, versus, vertigo
videō vidē- vid- vīs- see advise, advisor, advisory, envisage, envision, evidence, evident, evidentiary, improvise, interview, invisible, preview, provide, providence, provident, provision, provisional, proviso, purvey, purview, review, supervision, supervisor, survey, video, view, vis-à-vis, visa, visage, visibility, visible, vision, visionary, visor, visual
vidō vid- vis- vis- divide, dividend, divisible, division, divisive, divisor, individual, individuality, indivisible
vincō vinc- vic- vict- conquer, win convict, conviction, convince, evict, eviction, evince, invincible, victor, victorious, victory
vivō viv- vix- vict- live revival, revive, survival, survive, survivor, vivacious, vivacity, vivarium, vivid
vocō voc- vocav- vocat- call advocacy, advocate, convocation, evocative, evoke, invocation, invoke, provocation, provocative, provoke, revocation, revoke
volō vol- volav- volat- fly nonvolatile, volatile, volatility
volō vell- volu-  – wish benevolent, involuntary, malevolent, volition, voluntary
volvō volv- volv- volūt- roll convolute, convolution, convolve, devolve, evolute, evolution, evolve, evolvent, involucrum, involute, involution, involve, revolution, revolve
vorō vor- vorav- vorat- swallow carnivore, devour, voracious
voveō vov- vov- vot- vow devote, devotion, devout, votive

Prepositions and other words used to form compound words

Latin prepositions and other words
Word Meaning Prefixes
ā, ab away from ab-, a-, abs-, as-
ad to, toward ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, at-
aequus equal equi-
ambo both ambi-, am-, amb-
ante before ante-, anti-
bis twice bi-, bis-
bonus good ben-
circum around circum-
cis this side of cis-
contrā against, opposite to contra-, contro-
cum together, with con-, co-, col-, com-, cor-
dē down from de-
dexter right, to the right hand dextro-
dis- apart dis-, di-, dif-, dir-
ex, ē from, out of ex-, e-, ef-
extrā outside extra-, extro-
in in, into in-, il-, im-, ir-
īnfrā below infra-
inter among, between inter-, intel-
intrā within intra-, intro-
iuxtā beside juxta-
malus bad mal-
multus much, many multi-
ne no ne-, neg-
non not non-
ob, obs toward, against, in the way of, by reason of ob-, o-, oc-, of-, og-, op-, os-
paene almost, nearly pen-
per thorough, through per-, pel-
post after, behind post-
prae before pre-
praeter by, past preter-
prō for, forth, in front of pro-, pol-, por-, prod-
re- again, back re-, red-
retro backwards retro-
sē apart, without se-, sed-
sub from below, under sub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-
subter beneath subter-
super above, over super-
suprā above, more than supra-
trāns across trans-, tra-, tran-
ultrā beyond ultra-
ve- out ve-

See also

External links

Source

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