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City of Wellington (New Zealand electorate)

Wellington (originally City of Wellington), was a parliamentary electorate in Wellington, New Zealand. It existed from 1853 to 1905 with a break in the 1880s. It was a multi-member electorate. The electorate was represented, over the years, by 24 Members of Parliament.[1]

Contents

History

The electorate was one of the original electorates used in the 1853 election for the 1st New Zealand Parliament. During the period until 1871, Wellington was a three-member electorate.

In 1858, Isaac Featherston and William Fitzherbert resigned their seats in Parliament.[2] Featherston apparently wanted to return to England.[3] Instead, he successfully stood for re-election within months. The other person returned in the same by-election was William Barnard Rhodes.[4]

The election for the 3rd Parliament was held on 11 December 1860,[5] with the announcement of the official results on 15 December.[6]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent     Liberal  

Three-member electorate (1853-1871)

Election Winner(s)
1853 election Charles Clifford Robert Hart James Kelham
1855 election Isaac Featherston William Fitzherbert
1858 by-election Isaac Featherston William Rhodes
1860 election William Taylor[7]
1866 election Charles Borlase[8]

Two-member electorate (1871-1881)

Election Winner(s)
1871 election George Hunter Edward Pearce[9]
1875 election
1877 by-election William Travers
1878 by-election George Elliott Barton[10]
1879 election William Hutchison[11] William Levin[12]

Three-member electorate (1890-1905)

From 1881 to 1890, the Wellington electorate was replaced by three separate electorates: Te Aro and Thorndon during the whole nine years, and Wellington South (until 1887) then Wellington East (1887-1890)

Election Winner(s)
1890 election George Fisher Thomas Macdonald[13] John Duthie
1892 by-election William McLean[14]
1893 election Francis Bell Robert Stout
1896 election George Fisher John Hutcheson
1898 by-election[15] John Duthie
1899 by-election John Hutcheson
1899 election Arthur Atkinson
1902 election John Duthie John Aitken
1905 by-election Francis Fisher

In 1905 the Wellington electorate was again replaced by three electorates: Wellington Central, Wellington East and Wellington North. In the 1905 election, all three Wellington incumbents stood in the new electorates, with Fisher and Aitken winning in Central and East respectively, while Duthie lost to Charles Izard in Wellington North - ending his parliamentary career.

Election results

1890 election

New Zealand general election, 1890[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal George Fisher 2,828
Independent John Duthie 2,779
Liberal Kennedy Macdonald 2,482
Independent Francis Bell 2,299
Liberal E G Jellicoe 1,921
Liberal Francis Fraser 1,755
Liberal W McLean 1,060
Liberal R Winter 716
Majority 183
Total votes 15,816
Registered electors 8,786

1893 election

New Zealand general election, 1893[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Robert Stout 6,218 46.73
Independent Francis Bell 5,773 43.39
Independent John Duthie 4,840 36.37
Liberal Kennedy Macdonald 3,863 29.03
Liberal Francis Fraser 3,729 28.02
Independent Harry Vogel 3,606 27.10
Liberal W McLean 3,438 25.84
Liberal George Fisher 2,385 17.92
Independent Thomas Dwan 1,157 8.70
Independent William Travers 1,093 8.21
Majority 9771
Informal votes 147
Total votes 36,249
Turnout 13,306 2 80.66
Registered electors 16,497

1893 was the first election in which women could vote (the electoral act giving women the vote was passed ten weeks prior to the election)[18]. Electoral returns quantified female enrolment and turnout, and showed women's turnout was higher than men's while women's enrolment was lower.

Participation by gender  %
Female Turnout 6,146 84.42
Enrolled females 7,280 44.13
Male Turnout 7,160 77.68
Enrolled males 9,217 55.87

1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Duthie - 4,840) and highest losing poll (Mcdonald - 3,863)

2 Turnout is total number of voters - as voters had three votes each total votes cast was higher (36,102 valid, and 147 invalid votes)

1896 election

New Zealand general election, 1896[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Hutcheson 6,411 48.69
Liberal Robert Stout 6,306 47.89
Liberal George Fisher 5,859 44.49
Independent Arthur Atkinson 5,831 44.28
Independent C Wilson 5,570 42.30
Independent A A S Menteath 5,560 42.22
Independent Francis Fraser 1,811 13.75
Independent J J K Powell 185 1.40
Independent A Warburton 91 0.69
Majority 28 1 0.21
Total votes 37,624
Turnout 13,168 2 69.77
Registered electors 18,874

1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 5,859) and highest losing poll (Atkinson: 5,831)

2 Turnout is total number of voters - as voters had three votes each total votes cast was higher (37,624)

1899 election

New Zealand general election, 1899[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John Hutcheson 7,436
Independent Arthur Atkinson 6,703
Liberal George Fisher 6,442
Liberal Kennedy Macdonald 6,320
Independent T W Hislop 6,297
Independent Liberal E G Jellicoe 4,751
Liberal C M Luke 3,812
Independent Liberal T Carmichael 1,004
Independent W Earnshaw 851
Independent Liberal D B Duncan 78
Majority 1221
Total votes 43,694
Turnout
Registered electors 18,874

1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 6,442) and highest losing poll (Macdonald: 6,320)

Participation by gender  %
Female Turnout 7,080 79.30
Enrolled females 8,928 47.30
Male Enrolled males 9,946 52.70

1902 election

New Zealand general election, 1902[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent John Aitken 7,808
Independent John Duthie 6,886
Liberal George Fisher 6,685
  P J O'Regan 6,304
  Arthur Atkinson 6,094
  J G Findlay 4,764
  James Godber 1,437
  E G Jellicoe 1,384
  D McLaren 1,003
Majority 3811
Informal votes 328
Total votes 42,365
Turnout
Registered electors 21,218

1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 6,685) and highest losing poll (O'Regan: 6,304)

Participation by gender  %
Female Turnout 7,312 72.00
Enrolled females 10,155 47.86
Male Enrolled males 11,063 52.14

References

  1. ^ Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  2. ^ "HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.". Otago Witness. Issue 340, 5 June 1858. p. 5. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  3. ^ Hamer, David (updated 22 June 2007). "Featherston, Isaac Earl 1813 - 1876". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  4. ^ "Wellington". Hawke's Bay Herald. Volume 1, Issue 47, 14 August 1858. p. 2. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
  5. ^ "SUMMARY FOR Europe & Australia". Wellington Independent. Volume XV, Issue 1478, 7 December 1860. p. 5. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
  6. ^ "Declaration of the Poll". Wellington Independent. Volume XV, Issue 1481, 18 December 1860. p. 2. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
  7. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. William Waring Taylor". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  8. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. Charles Bonythorne Borlase". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  9. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. Edward Pearce". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  10. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. George Elliott Barton". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  11. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. William Hutchison". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  12. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. William Hort Levin". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  13. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Mr. Thomas Kennedy Macdonald". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  14. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Wellington Ex-Members Of The House Of Representatives". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington. Retrieved 20 June 2010.
  15. ^ "The Wellington City Election". Wanganui Herald, Volume XXXII, Issue 9384. 10 March 1898. p. 2. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  16. ^ "New Zealand General Election, 1890". Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1891 Session I, H-02. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  17. ^ "New Zealand General Election, 1893". Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1894 Session I, H-19. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  18. ^ Electoral Act, 1893
  19. ^ "The Wellington Election". Clutha Leader, Volume XXVI, Issue 1319. 28 July 1899. p. 5. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  20. ^ "New Zealand General Election, 1899". Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1900 Session I, H-26. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  21. ^ "New Zealand General Election, 1902". Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1903 Session I, H-26. Retrieved 15 May 2013.

Source

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