1901 in Australia

1901 in Australia
Monarch	Queen Victoria, then Edward VII
Governor-General	John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun
Prime Minister	Edmund Barton
Population	3,788,123
Elections	Federal, New South Wales, Western Australia

Incumbents

January 1 – The Constitution of Australia comes into force, as the federation of Australia is complete. John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, is appointed as the first Governor-General, and Edmund Barton as the first Prime Minister.
March 1 – Following federation naval and military forces of the States are transferred to Commonwealth control.
March 29 – The first federal election is held to elect the first members of the House of Representatives and the first members of the Senate.
March 31 – A national census is held, which indicates the population of Australia is 3,773,801 (excluding Indigenous Australians).
May 9 – The Parliament of Australia is opened in the Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne.
May 22 – The foundation stone for St John's Cathedral, Brisbane is laid by the Duke of Cornwall and York. the church celebrated 100 years of construction in 2006 and is only gothic-style stone building under construction anywhere in the world.
September 3 – The Flag of Australia and Australian Red Ensign are adopted by the Government of Australia as official flags, following a national design competition.
December 21 - Construction begins on the rabbit-proof fence.
December 23 – The Immigration Restriction Act 1901 comes into force, instituting the White Australia Policy.

March 27 – Kenneth Slessor (d. 1971), poet
September 25 – Gordon Coventry (d. 1968), Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood

January 10 – Sir James Dickson (b. 1832), Premier of Queensland and Federal Minister for Defence
June 20 – Alexander Forrest (b. 1849), explorer, surveyor and politician
August 8 – William Groom (b. 1833), publican, newspaper proprietor and member of parliament
November 30 – Edward John Eyre (b. 1815), explorer